<p style="text-align:justify">?</p>

<p>?</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><u>&nbsp;Example 1:</u></strong> </span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><img alt="" src="https://edupmquestionhelp.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/hint/uploads/images/16252334201625233420.jpg" style="height:679px; width:900px" /></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Figure 7.8 shows a single line diagram of a portion of power system network. The relays R<sub>1</sub> to R<sub>7</sub> are normal inverse IDMT relays. The maximum power flowing in transmission lines is tabulated in table 7.1 below:</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none; margin-left:37px; width:900px">
	<caption>
	<p><span style="font-size:20px"><strong>Table 7.1: Maximum loads in Different Lines</strong></span></p>
	</caption>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:263px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Power flowing in 220 kV line AB</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:115px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">197 MW at </span></div>

			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.8 pf lag</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:263px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Power flowing in 132 kV line CD</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:115px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">66 MW at</span></div>

			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.8 pf lag</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:263px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Power flowing in 66 kV line</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:115px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">22 MW at</span></div>

			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.8 pf lag</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">This power is calculated considering 10 % overload on lines. The fault currents at different buses are tabulated in table 7.2 below:</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none; margin-left:94px; width:900px">
	<caption>
	<p><span style="font-size:20px"><strong>Table 7.2: Fault Currents at Different Buses</strong></span></p>
	</caption>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Bus</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Fault Current for L-L-L fault in amp</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Fault Current for L-L fault in amp</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">A</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">5750</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">4980</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">B</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">3017</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">2613</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">C</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">3240</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">2806</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">D</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">2146</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">1858</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">E</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:149px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">2880</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:161px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">2494</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">TMS of R<sub>7</sub> is set at 0.1. Calculate plug-settings and time settings of phase relays R<sub>1</sub> to R<sub>7</sub>. Also calculate setting of high-set instantaneous unit in-built with relay R<sub>1</sub> given that % overreach of H. S. unit is 10 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><u>Solution:</u></strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><u>Plug-Settings:</u></strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P. S. of R<sub>7</sub> is based on rated full load power of 66 kV transmission line.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">Full load current through 66 kV line </span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{22\times10^3}{\sqrt 3\times66\times0.8}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><em>= 240.56 amp.</em></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(P.S.\hspace{0.1cm}of\hspace{0.1cm}R_7\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(= \frac{240.56\times100}{300}\)</span>&nbsp;</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">= 80.18%,hence plug-setting of R<sub>7&nbsp;</sub>is to be set at 100%.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P. S. of R<sub>6</sub> will be dependent on maximum power transferred through 132 kV line.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Maximum current that can pass through secondary of 100 MVA transformer is equal to</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{66\times10^3}{\sqrt3\times66\times0.8}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">=721.68 amp.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp;P.S. of R<sub>6&nbsp;</sub>=&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(\frac{72168\times100}{1000}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;= 72.16 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Therefore, plug-setting of R<sub>6</sub> shall be 75 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Let us check-up coordination between relays R<sub>6&shy;</sub> and R<sub>7</sub>,</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P.S. of R<sub>6&nbsp;</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{1.3}{1.05}\times\)</span>&nbsp;P. S. of R<sub>7</sub> in CT primary amp.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&gt; 371.43 amp</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{371.43\times100}{1000}\)</span>&nbsp;or 37.14 % of CT primary rating of CT at relaying point R<sub>6</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Hence our selection 75 % is correct.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">similarly,P.S. of R<sub>5&nbsp;</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(= \frac{721.68\times66\times100}{132\times500}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp;= 72.168%</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">And P. S. of R<sub>5</sub></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{1.3\times P.S.\hspace{0.1cm}of\hspace{0.1cm}R_6\times66}{1.05\times132}\)</span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{1.3\times0.75\times1000\times 66}{1.05\times132}\)</span></span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp;=464.28 amp.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">Hence, P. S. of R<sub>5</sub>&nbsp;</span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{464.28\times 100}{500}\)</span>&nbsp;% of CT rating.</span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">&gt; 92.85 %, hence next higher available setting of R<sub>5</sub> as 100 % is selected.</span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">On the same line of calculations </span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">(&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(\frac{1.3}{1.05}\)</span>&nbsp;grading principle), P. S. of R<sub>4</sub> is to be set at 125 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P. S. of R<sub>3</sub> will depend on maximum power transmitted through 220 kV line.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P.S. of R<sub>3&nbsp;</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{197\times10^3\times100}{\sqrt3\times132\times0.8\times1500}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><sub>&nbsp;</sub>= 71.80 % of CT rating.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">For proper coordination,</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P.S. of R<sub>3</sub>&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(&gt; \frac{1.3}{1.05}\times\)</span>&nbsp;P. S. of R<sub>4</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{1.3}{1.05}\times1.25\times500\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><sub>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </sub>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;51.58 % of CT rating. Hence selection of 75 % as P. S. of R3 is correct.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">P.S. of R<sub>2&nbsp;</sub><span class="math-tex">\(&gt; \frac{1.3\times P.S.\hspace{0.1cm}of\hspace{0.1cm}R_3\times132}{1.05\times220}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(&gt;\frac{1.3\times0.75\times1500\times132\times100}{1.05\times220\times1000}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&gt; 83.57 %, hence P. S. of R<sub>2</sub> shall be set at 100 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">On the same line of calculation, P. S. of R<sub>1</sub> shall be set at 125 %.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><u>Time Settings:</u></strong></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><u>R<sub>6</sub>-R<sub>7</sub> coordination:</u></strong> The worst (maximum) fault current is 2880 amp.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>7&nbsp;</sub><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{2880}{300}\)</span>&nbsp;= 9.6.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;Top Time of operation of R<sub>7</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><em><sub>&nbsp;</sub></em><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{3}{log_{10}9.6}\times0.1=0.3054\)</span>&nbsp;sec.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp;Top of R<sub>6 </sub>= 0.3054 + 0.25 =0.5554 sec.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>6&nbsp;</sub>=&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(\frac{2880}{0.75\times 1000}\)</span>&nbsp;= 3.84.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Now,&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(\frac{3}{log_{10}3.84}\times TMS\hspace{0.1cm}of\hspace{0.1cm}R_6\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;= 0.5554</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp; TMS of R<sub>6</sub>=0.108.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Hence TMS of R<sub>6</sub> shall be set at 0.15.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong>R<sub>5</sub>-R<sub>6</sub> coordination:</strong> The maximum fault current = 2880 amp.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>6</sub> = 3.84, Top of R<sub>6</sub> = 0.77 sec.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Therefore, Top of R<sub>5</sub> = 1.02 sec.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>5&nbsp;</sub><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{2880\times66}{500\times132}\)</span>&nbsp;</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;= 2.88</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp; TMS of R<sub>5&nbsp;</sub><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{1.02\times log_{10}2.88}{3}\)</span><sub>&nbsp;</sub></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><sub>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</sub> &nbsp;= 0.156.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Hence TMS of R<sub>5</sub> shall be set at 0.2.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><u><strong>R<sub>4</sub>-R<sub>5</sub> coordination:</strong> </u>Fault current =2146 amp.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>5</sub> = 4.292. Top of R<sub>5</sub> = 0.9483 sec. Therefore, Top of R<sub>4</sub> =1.198 sec.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">PSM of R<sub>4</sub> = 3.43</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span class="math-tex">\(\dot{.\hspace{0.095in}.}\)</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;TMS of R<sub>4&nbsp;</sub><span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{1.198\times log_{10}3.43}{3}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; = 0.213.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Hence TMS of R<sub>4</sub> = 0.25 selected.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">On the same line of calculations,</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">TMS of R<sub>3</sub> = 0.2</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">TMS of R<sub>2</sub> = 0.15</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">TMS of R<sub>1</sub> = 0.2</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Setting of H. S. unit of relay R<sub>1</sub>:</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">setting&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{100B}{100-A}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="math-tex">\(=\frac{100\times\frac{3017}{1000}}{90}\)</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </em>= 3.35 amp=335 % of 1 amp.&nbsp;</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">But minimum available setting is 400 %, hence 400 % shall be set.</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px">Let us summarize the final relay settings in table 7.3 below:</span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:none; margin-left:94px; width:900px">
	<caption>
	<p><span style="font-size:20px"><strong>Table 7.3: Summary of Relay Settings of Example 1</strong></span></p>
	</caption>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Relay</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">Plug-Setting in % of Relay Rating</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">TMS</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>1</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">125</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.2</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>2</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">100</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.15</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>3</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">75</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.2</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>4</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">125</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.25</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>5</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">100</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.2</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>6</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">75</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.15</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:106px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">R<sub>7</sub></span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:121px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">100</span></div>
			</td>
			<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-left:none; border-right:1px solid black; border-top:none; vertical-align:top; width:113px">
			<div style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:28px">0.1</span></div>
			</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>?</p>

<p>?</p>