<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><strong><span style="color:black">Box plots</span></strong><span style="color:black">, also called </span><strong><span style="color:black">box-and-whisker plots </span></strong><span style="color:black">or </span><strong><span style="color:black">box-whisker plots</span></strong><span style="color:black">, give a good graphical image of the concentration of the data. They also show how far the extreme values are from most of the data. As mentioned previously, a box plot is constructed from five values: the minimum value, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum value.</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="color:black">We use these values to compare how close other data values are to them.</span></span></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="color:black">To construct a box plot, use a horizontal or vertical number line and a rectangular box. The smallest and largest data values label the endpoints of the axis. The first quartile marks one end of the box, and the third quartile marks the other end of the box. Approximately </span><strong><span style="color:black">the middle 50 percent of the data fall inside the box. </span></strong><span style="color:black">The </span><em><span style="color:black">whiskers </span></em><span style="color:black">extend from the ends of the box to the smallest and largest data values. A box plot easily shows the range of a data set, which is the difference between the largest and smallest data values (or the difference between the maximum and minimum). Unless the median, first quartile, and third quartile are the same value, the median will lie inside the box or between the first and third quartiles. The box plot gives a good, quick picture of the data.</span></span></p>

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<p><span style="font-size:14px">Consider, again, this data set:</span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 6, 6.8, 7.2, 8, 8.3, 9, 10, 10, 11.5</span></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px">The first quartile is two, the median is seven, and the third quartile is nine. The smallest value is one, and the largest value is 11.5. The following image shows the constructed box plot.</span></p>

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<p><span style="font-size:14px"><img alt="" src="https://edupmquestionhelp.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/hint/uploads/images/16238336891623833689.png" style="height:112px; width:416px" /></span></p>

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<p style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="color:#000000"><strong>Figure 2.13</strong></span></span></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="color:black">The two whiskers extend from the first quartile to the smallest value and from the third quartile to the largest value. The median is shown with a dashed line.</span></span></p>

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